Social exclusion is often a key social determinant of health, whether, through discrimination
or stigmatization, it can undermine one's mental health and cause long-term stress and worry.
Social exclusion can also be a result of poor health. Unemployment's psychosocial stress has
a significant impact on physical and mental health and well-being. For instance, women,
people over 65, immigrants from non-English speaking countries, Aboriginal, people with
disabilities or long-term health conditions, early school leavers, single-person and lone-
parent households, and public housing tenants are all more likely to experience social
exclusion (Popay & Jennie 296).
Economic exclusion is also associated with unequal health outcome. It has a significant
impact on physical and mental health and well-being. While protecting health, promoting
self-esteem and a strong sense of identity is important (Pohlan & Laura 280). Homelessness
and housing, overcrowding, and poor physical health can all increase the likelihood of people
being socially and economically excluded if they do not have access to suitable, cheap, and
secure housing. The housing of poor quality has an impact on both physical and mental
health. Young people, Indigenous individuals with long-term health conditions or
disabilities, and people who live in urban areas are all at health risk. People who live in low-
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income housing, or who are unemployed or underemployed, are more likely to live in
substandard housing.
Finally, addressing unjust and preventable health disparities through social determinants of
health action is an effective method. The WHO Commission on Social Determinants of
Health recommends that countries take a "whole-of-government" approach to dealing with
social determinants of health, with policies and interventions coming from all sectors and
levels of society (WHO 2011).
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Works Cited
Pohlan, Laura. "Unemployment and social exclusion." Journal of Economic Behavior &
Organization 164 (2019): 273-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2019.06.006
Popay, Jennie. "Understanding and tackling social exclusion." Journal of Research in
Nursing 15.4 (2010): 295-297.