The American Medical Association defines cloning as the production of genetically
identical copies of a cell or organism. Dolly, the sheep, was the first cloned mammal on July 5,
1996, and it died six years later. The death of Dolly, the sheep, lead to a sparking level of debates
on ethical and moral issues of cloning. Since then, cloning morality has been questioned as many
fear it will eventually lead to the loss of human life. Human Cloning Prohibition Act, 2009
labeled cloning as illegal, immoral, and unethical. Although the process of cloning promises
considerable benefits for scientific research, the final result is not always particular because it
prevents gene diversity, is a dangerous procedure, and is an unethical concern issue.
PREVENTS GENE DIVERSITY
One of the disadvantages of cloning is that it prevents gene diversity. Cloning creates exact
copies of genes. It is a process of replication of genetic constitution, thereby reducing gene
diversity. Decreased genetic diversity weakens the ability of living organisms to adapt to their
different environment. There is not much beauty of humanity left with reduced variety, as seen in
the difference among individuals (Ryder 231).
CLONING is a DANGEROUS PROCEDURE
Cloning is not entirely safe and accurate. It comes along with several risks and complications. It
causes cell mutation and is therefore expected to bring about new diseases. For example, Dolly,
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the sheep, had abnormalities in her DNA, shortened telomeres, and died six years later. Cloning
has cases of organ transplant rejection and reduced longevity among living organisms. Another
harm is that the viral vector used to transfer the genes inside could land in a spot other than the
intended causing danger as it is expressed in unusual ways. Also, they have different behavioral
attributes, and their physical appearance is not guaranteed despite their similarity in the genetic
constitution. The genetic material is not the primary determinant of the traits (Shalev 137).
UNETHICAL CONCERNS
The process of cloning is universally condemned as it results in the exploitation of life. The risks
associated with cloning introduce a likelihood of loss of life. For instance, scientists conducted
multiple failed trials before producing a viable clone of Dolly, the sheep, suggesting that
scientists have to conduct numerous tests in the laboratories to get a final successful clone. With
that, critics greatly condemn cloning humans unless more research is developed to maximum
certainty. The cloning process is not fully developed and can undoubtedly promote species
conservation (Rastogi & Ankita 997).
CONCLUSION
To date, the cloning process is still in the dark as more research is being conducted to resolve the
challenges to significant levels of certainty. Despite the beneficial aspects of cloning, most
people regard it as unwanted because of the ethical controversies that prevent gene diversity,
consequently disrupting human beauty and adaptation. In addition, cloning is considered a
dangerous procedure as it results in health problems. Lastly is the unethical concern due to
exploitation and ultimately loss of life. Therefore as scientists conduct more research on cloning,
the world is hopeful the challenges will be resolved to great levels of certainty.
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Works Cited
Rastogi, Pooja, and Ankita Kakkar. "Ethical Issues in Cloning." Journal of Critical Reviews 7.10
(2020): 996-1000.
Ryder, Oliver A. "Cloning advances and challenges for conservation." Trends in
Biotechnology 20.6 (2002): 231-232.
Shalev, Carmel. "Human cloning and human rights: