1 Respiratory issues
| Metabolic acidosis | Respiratory acidosis | Metabolic alkalosis | Respiratory alkalosis |
| It has low carbon (IV) oxide and low pH. | It has high carbon (IV) oxide and low pH. | It is recognized by high HCO3 and high pH. | It is characterized by low carbon (IV) oxide and high pH. |
| It compensated by a decrease of carbon (IV) oxide. | It is compensated by an increase of HCO3. | It is compensated by an increase of carbon (IV) oxide. | It is compensated by a decrease of HCO3. |
| It results in a reduction of the serum bicarbonate ion. | It upsurges the PCO2. | It leads to an increase of the serum bicarbonate ion. | It results in a decrease in PCO2. |
| It leads to low serum bicarbonate and low PCO2 values. | It results in increased PCO2 and serum bicarbonate values. | It has increased PCO2 and serum bicarbonate. | It has low serum bicarbonate and low PCO2. |
| The pH of its compensated –serum ranges from 7.35 to 7.4 | The pH of Its compensated –serum ranges from 7.35 to 7.4 | The pH of its compensated –serum ranges from 7.4 to 7.45. | The pH of its compensated –serum ranges from 7.4 to 7.45. |
| The pH of its decompensated is less than 7.33. | The pH of its decompensated is less than 7.33. | The pH of its decompensated is less than 7.47. | The pH of its decompensated is less than 7.47. |
| Cause | Cause | ||
| It is triggered by diarrhea. | It is caused by respiratory congestion. | It is caused by excessive intake of antacid. | It is initiated by aspirin overdose. |
2
Asthma is a disease of respiratory(Webley and Hanh, 2017). Asthma condition always leads to upsurge contractibility of the neighboring smooth muscles (Webley and Hanh, 2017). This situation and other factors result in thinning of the airway and the characteristic signs of wheezing (Webley and Hanh, 2017). The thinning of the airway is rescindable without or with medication. Airways frequently changes. The classic alterations that take place in airways encompass lamina reticularis thickening and an upsurge in eosinophils. Regularly, smooth muscle of the airways may increasein size together with an increase with the amounts of mucous glands (Webley and Hanh, 2017). Various factors result in a high probability of developing asthma. Some of these risk factors include being a smoker, being allergic to some materials and exposure to occupational triggers among others.
Asthma is recognized by frequent episodes of chest tightness, wheezing, cough, and dyspnea. Asthma signs may occur due to exposure to risk factors. Most people with asthma experience onset of asthma signs during childhood or adolescent stage. People with asthma can be managed by predictable guideline-based anti-inflammatory treatments.
3
COPD is a set of ailments that affect human lungs and the capability to breathe. COPD blocks oxygen flow from the human lungs to the human blood. It is mainly triggered by smoking. It commences with the damage of the airways and the lungs’ air sacs. It advances from a cough containing mucous to hard breathing. Awkwardly, the destruction of the lungs caused by COPD cannot be reversed. Hopefully, there are various preventive approaches that may be used to reduce the chances of developing COPD. The convenient way to prevent COPD is to stop smoking. Furthermore, it is recommended for one to go for regular checkups and carefully follow the doctor’s advice.
References
Webley, C., W., & Hanh, L., D. (2017). Infection-mediated asthma: etiology, mechanisms and treatment options, with focus on Chlamydia pneumoniae and macrolides. Webley and Hanh Respiratory Research, 18(98), 1-12.