The expansion of the universe is the idea explained to be behind the big Bang theory. The universe is said to have been initially a small portion of about few millimetres across 14 million years ago. It since expanded from a hot, dense state it was in, to today the cooler universe we live in.The three pillars of the Big Bang Theory include Expansion of universe, cosmic microwave background, and elementary cosmic abundances. The Hubble ultra-deep field explains that the expansion still continues today with so much energy and matter containing over 10,000 galaxies. So much Mars and so much energy is the result of expansions.
Philosophers have tried to explain the matter to understand whether what we know today existed then. Scientists discovered that matter is made up of small particles called atoms. The atom is made up of the nucleus at the centre surrounded by positive and negative ions called protons and electrons respectively. When this composition is incorporated with the four fundamental forces identifies as gravity, weak, electromagnetic and strong, a nuclear force is produced which is a result of heat and pressure. This happens when nuclear is heated at very high temperatures such that quarks like protons cannot be confined in a small volume. Pressure and high temperatures lead to expansion, then a chemical reaction takes place, and this reaction keeps on increasing the energy density that is responsible for the phase transition. Expansion of universe is a result of nuclear reactions as nucleus collides to form more nucleus. Taking into consideration the extent of nuclear reactions, the general statistical formula can be applied to determine the relative abundances of different combinations. The production of more nucleus is due to race between various nuclear reactions and a cooling that effect which causes the universe to expand.