Part 1
Biometric system requires and assumes a more intimate relationship among the technologies and the people when it comes to recording and collecting behavioral and biological characteristics of an individual. It is important for states to consider the social, legal and cultural impacts because they can diminish the efficacy bringing about serious consequences.
California is an example of a state that uses biometric system. The reason for accepting this system was because of its efficiency in eliminating cases of fraud in elections. The system has the potential to measure and detect all the false matches especially when a person is trying to impersonate another (Rothman & Greenland, 2005). It means that the system brings out genuine results thus is effective in eliminating errors during election process. California State uses the Daubert standard which is more reliable and relevant because it needs the trial judge to prove the expert testimony making it appropriate for the task that it is intended to be used (Melnick, 2005). The judge will ensure that the testimony of the scientific expert is the same as the evidence that has been provided.
There are some states that still use the Frye Standard to test the admissibility of the scientific evidence in biometrics (Risinger, 2000). This method determines whether the method that was used or which the evidence was acquired is accepted by the experts in a specific field such as the election department.
I would prefer the Deubert standard because it appears to be more accurate than the Frye Standard thus the reason several states are considering using it. In Deubert, there is not only the judge who is the gatekeeper who is ensuring that the expert testimonies are true, but also making sure that the information is reliable and relevant.
Part 2
The 65 year old man from the Middle-East must be suffering from anxiety and panic disorder and bipolar disorder. The events that he might have experienced while back home in the Middle East might have affected his mental state. Bipolar disorder is characterized by periods when a person has elevated mood thus might begin imagining things. The elevated mood could have been the reason for him coming up with stories that do not exist or that he had read on the newspaper (Joseph, 2008). The thoughts of the events caused him to imagine of things and convinced himself that they were about to take place.
I decided to consider these two disorders because they match the characteristics of the condition of the man. The types of referrals that can be available for the mentally ill person of this sort are taking him to the hospital for mental check-up to determine the level of his mental health (Healy, 2011). On the other hand, the inmate can be isolated into his own private room and his state be monitored for a period of time to prevent him from causing harm to other people. This is because there is a possibility that other inmates may attack him for wrongly accusing them of being criminals (Mondimore, 2014).
The inmate’s intelligence level should not be taken for granted because it can help in future to prevent any prison outbreak. The inmate has the potential to narrate every detail on what he has read or heard thus making him an appropriate candidate for spy job.
References
Healy, D. (2011). Mania: A Short History of Bipolar Disorder. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Joseph, C. (2008). Manicdotes: There’s Madness in His Method. London: Austin & Macauley
Melnick, R. (2005). A Daubert Motion: A Legal Strategy to Exclude Essential Scientific Evidence in Toxic Tort Litigation. American Journal of Public Health 95 (S1), S30–S34
Mondimore, FM. (2014). Bipolar Disorder: A Guide for Patients and Families (3rd. ed.). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Risinger, D. (2000). Navigating Expert Reliability: Are Criminal Standards of Certainty Being Left on the Dock?. Albany Law Review 64, 99.
Rothman, K. & Greenland, S. (2005). Causation and Causal Inference in Epidemiology. American Journal of Public Health 95 (S1), S144–S150.